A | Mosquitoes use the body odor, heat, and carbon dioxide that humans emit, varying from person to person, to find their next meal. The study, which was published in the scientific journal Cell, reveals that mosquitoes may perceive odors via a variety of distinct pathways, in contrast to animals, which have a single set of neurons that detect each sort of odor.,Female mosquitoes use the variety of odors that people and other animals produce to find the blood that will feed their eggs. The olfactory neurons in the insects' antennae, which are where they take up scents, detect and send scent information to the brain.,Groups of human-odor receptors on the olfactory neurons in the antennae of female mosquitoes (Aedes aegypti) were rendered inactive by the study's lead author Meg Younger and her colleagues at Boston University in Massachusetts using the gene editing tool CRISPR.,"We found that there’s a real difference in the way mosquitoes encode the odors that they encounter compared to what we’ve learned from other animals,” Younger is quoted as saying in the Guardian report on the findings.,According to Younger, the scientists believed that mosquitoes would adhere to the core tenet of olfaction, which states that each neuron expresses only one type of receptor.,“Instead, what we’ve seen is that different receptors can respond to different odors in the same neuron," she added.,This reportedly suggests that mosquitoes can still detect human odors after losing one or more receptors. The researchers asserted that this backup system may have developed as a survival mechanism.,"The mosquito Aedes aegypti is specialized to bite humans, and it is believed that they evolved to do that because humans are always close to fresh water and mosquitoes lay their eggs in fresh water. We are basically the perfect meal, so the drive to find humans is extremely strong," Younger explained,In the end, the researchers argued, knowing how the mosquito brain perceives human odor could be used to influence biting behavior and stop the spread of diseases like malaria, dengue fever, and yellow fever that are transmitted by those insects.,"One major strategy for controlling mosquitoes is to attract them to traps to remove them from the biting population. If we could use this knowledge to understand how human odor is represented in the mosquito antennae and brain, we could develop blends that are more attractive to mosquitoes than we are. We could also develop repellants that target those receptors and neurons that detect human odor," Younger concluded.,Notably, Christopher Potter at Johns Hopkins School of Medicine in Maryland recently found a similar phenomenon in fruit flies, or Drosophila melanogaster.,“If one of these types of olfactory receptors is mutated or no longer functioning, there’s this backup system," Potter is quoted as saying in the New Scientist report. “It’s changing the dogma of what we thought we knew about the olfactory system.”,Science & TechSmell of Blood: Mosquitoes' Scent-Based Host-Seeking Mechanism Revealed16 May, 05:54 GMT。
B | 尽管韩国女排本届联赛未取得一场胜利，但比赛中一度对中国队一传线实现有效压制。最终中国女排四局胜出，在本届世界女排联赛分组赛阶段交出8胜4负的答卷。接下来中国女排将转战土耳其，为联赛总决赛阶段比赛进行备战。在本场中韩女排大战前，中国女排已经锁定了总决赛资格。
C | 本场比赛蔡斌指导对首发阵容有所微调，自由人小将倪非凡首次首发上场。此外李盈莹继续搭档金烨出战主攻线。首局比赛中国女排就运用高质量发球压制韩国队一传。
D | 虽然中国女排的发球成功率有些低，但还是在网前取得优势，迅速拉开比分，以25比13先下一城。此后一局韩国女排迅速进行了有针对性的调整，同样以提升发球质量的方式对抗中国女排的进攻势头。
E | 形成对比的是，中国女排似乎被首局大比分赢球麻痹，迟迟无法进入状态。虽然主教练蔡斌多次提出暂停，队员们却始终无法从低水平组织和主动失误中走出来。韩国队受到比分提升的鼓舞越打越顺，以25比19扳平了局分。韩国队的表现惊醒了中国女排，通过调整二传和副攻线更换火力点，中国队以25比19实现局分领先。此后中国女排再度陷入自满之中，结果第四局上来就被韩国女排的凌厉势头打蒙。虽然全队都在拼力防守，但在衔接方面仍漏洞频频。好在关键时刻李盈莹站了出来，通过几个关键分稳定了军心。在韩国队拿到局点的情况下，中国女排在自身强轮打出一波4比0的高潮，惊险地以26比24拿下整场比赛。赛后技术统计显示，中国女排在进攻和拦网方面数据占优，但受到发球失误过多的影响，在发球方面得分与对手持平。
F | 本场中国女排的取胜功臣当属李盈莹和龚翔宇。其中李盈莹在接一传和进攻方面同样优秀，全场取得23分的最高分。龚翔宇拿到17分。
G | 袁心玥和王媛媛副攻线发威，各拿下11分和10分。至此，中国队在世界女排联赛分站赛阶段比赛全部结束。中国女排凭借保加利亚站的三连胜，最终交出8胜4负的答卷，晋级联赛总决赛。
H | 接下来中国女排将前往土耳其进行备战，为即将到来的总决赛进行准备。文/本报记者 褚鹏
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